印度股票市场改革的经验与启示

印度股票市场改革对中国的启示主要在于,作为一个转型经济国家在发展金融市场尤其是股票市场的过程中出现某些消极问题在某种意义上是可以的,关键在于改革者要在既定的约束条件下完善相关的制度和规则,从而引导相关利益主体的行为以实现效率改进,同时在制度移植和模仿方面要注意有关的适用条件,在改革方式上宜快则快。     

The influence of accountability on overconfidence and resistance to change: A research framework and experimental evidence

This paper presents a research framework and demonstrates how commitment to a particular course of action might lead to information search that is biased in favour of the chosen alternative. The framework also incorporates accountability as a strategy for mitigating overconfidence and resistance to change.An experiment was conducted to test the predictions of the proposed framework. Results of the experiment indicate that commitment to a particular cost allocation system leads to increased desirability of the chosen system and decreased desirability of the rejected alternative. The results also show that managers who are committed to a particular cost allocation system become too conservative and overconfident in their preferred system, which leads to high resistance to change. These effects, however, were attenuated by making the managers accountable for the negative consequences of their decisions.     

基于制约理论的成本管理模式研究

环境的变化要求相应的成本管理模式发生变革。本文首先分析了环境变化对企业成本管理的影响,之后对作业成本法的管理思想的前提假设进行分析,指出它对于现代企业成本管理的局限性及其产生这些局限性的主要原因。最后,在分析制约理论核心原理的基础上,提出了一种基于制约理论的成本管理模式,试图为研究适应现代企业的成本管理模式提供新的思路。     

融资优序与行业管制——兼析中国上市公司“异常融资优序”现象

企业融资先通过内部资金进行,然后再通过银行借款或发行低风险的债券,最后才采用股票,这种融资的“先后顺序”是企业出于降低融资成本和防止剩余利润被分享所做出的理性选择,这就是融资优序理论。本文认为,寡头竞争所形成的行业进入壁垒为优序融资的实现提供了必须的市场环境,其资金使用方式能够优化资源配置,提高资金的使用效率。融资优序理论在发达市场经济国家得到了实践的验证,但在我国上市公司中却存在“异常融资优序”(Abnormal pccking Order)现象,即外部资金优于内部资金,外部资金中股权融资优于债权融资。其原因在于,中国市场经济不太完善,缺乏通过寡头竞争自发形成的行业进入壁垒。本文认为只有采取行业管制手段,设置一定的行业进入壁垒,才能实现优序融资,从而达到优化资源配置的目的。     

政府审计成本管理探析

随着近年来审计公开力度的加大,审计透明度的增强,社会公众对审计监督的期望也越来越高。但长期以来审计任务繁重与审计资源相对短缺之间的矛盾也很突出。在审计经费有限的条件下,必须借助审计成本管理的手段来解决这一矛盾。本文就加强审计成本管理的必要性,审计成本管理的原则以及如何实现对审计成本的控制等方面进行了分析和探索。     

开放经济下中国新凯恩斯混合菲利普斯曲线

本文采用广义矩方法估计开放经济下中国新凯恩斯混合菲利普斯曲线，结合中国现实选择工具变量。结果表明，使用混合成本作为通货膨胀的驱动因素在统计和经济意义上具有显著性，影响我国通货膨胀主要是资本成本与进口中间品成本；厂商定价行为既有前瞻性又有后顾性，但前瞻性处于主导地位，且价格具有较强的灵活性。     

我国行业协会的性质和功能研究——从交易成本和规制角度分析

随着我国加入WTO以及市场经济体系的逐步完善,作为同行业企业联合的服务性组织——行业协会将在经济发展中发挥越来越重要的作用。但是长期以来,我国行业协会的性质和功能的定位一直比较模糊。本文从交易成本和交易规制结构出发,对我国行业协会的性质和功能进行界定:即行业协会的本质是一组企业契约联合体,行业协会最核心的功能在于降低成员企业的交易成本。     

Hybrid governance and governance performance in industrial purchasing relationships

Hybrid governance arrangements (e.g. joint action, long-term contracting and vertical coordination) feature regularly as an effective response to inter-firm dependence in the literature of business-to-business relationships. However, current empirical work has paid little attention to whether such governance arrangements really do improve governance efficacy and reduce transaction costs. The present study focuses on the governance efficacy of vertical coordination in industrial business-to-business relationships. Building on transaction costs arguments, the author examines whether vertical coordination is an effective means for adapting to inter-firm dependence, realized as the substantial employment of specific assets.Empirical findings from a survey of 170 industrial supplier–buyer relationships demonstrate that when asset specificity reaches a certain level, greater vertical coordination reduces ex post transaction costs significantly. On the other hand, this efficacy pattern is modest or non-existent in relationships with low asset specificity.The research findings support the basic TCA assumption that the performance of hybrid governance arrangements is highly dependent on a situation of substantial inter-firm dependence with subsequent small-number conditions.     

基于资产专用性的企业融资决策研究

本文采用Williamson的思路,建立了资产专用性与交易成本、生产成本因素在内的综合交易成本分析模型。分析发现,相对于债务融资而言,股权融资有利于避免按市场规则强行清算带来的专用性资产价值损失,运用包络定理证明专用性程度高的资产具有削减生产成本的作用,专用性程度高的资产以股权融资为佳。     

通信运营企业的质量管理的再提高

现在通信运营企业为了提高服务质量,不断的加强员工培训,制定客户服务规范,使出了浑身解数,但是仍不见服务质量有显著的提高,用户对企业服务质量的投诉仍居高不下。本文就针对通信运营企业再次提高服务质量的问题,提出了价值链质量管理,鼓励企业实行内部营销,以建立一个完整的质量体系,而不是仅仅关注企业中某一个直接面对客户的职能部门。